Karachi resolution
The Karachi resolution of AICC 1931 was, in fact, a pivotal moment in the history of Congress. It set the stage for the future Constitution of India. It was initially written by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. It included various elements such as Labour regulations, Industrial growth, Economic fundamentals, social progress, etc. In this section, we will examine the Fundamental Rights and Duties portion of the resolution
Nehru’s Fundamental Rights and Duties
This matter of adopting a resolution on Fundamental rights was initially suggested by Nehru to Patel and Gandhi as early as 1928. However, neither of them was supportive. Nonetheless, Bose was in favor of Nehru. Nehru subsequently established a faction known as ‘Democracy Front’ within Congress to advance the issue. Finally, Gandhi consented to the plan, and the Resolution crafted by Nehru was eventually presented at the Karachi Session of AICC and was approved under Patel’s leadership. In 1946, Nehru presented this resolution as the objective of the Constituent Assembly. Therefore, this Karachi resolution served as the foundation for the Constitution of India
Karachi resolution of AICC
1. (1) Every citizen of India has the right of free expression of opinion, the rights of free association and combination, and the right to assemble peacefully and without arms, for purposes not opposed to law or morality.
(2) Every citizen shall enjoy freedom of conscience and the right freely to profess and practice his religion, subject to public order and morality.
(3) The culture, language and script of the minorities and of the different linguistic areas shall be protected.
(4) All citizens are equal before the law, irrespective of caste, creed or sex.
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(5) No disability attaches to any citizen, by reason of his or her religion, caste, creed or sex, in regard to public employment, office of power or honor, and in the exercise of any trade or calling.
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(6) All citizens have equal rights and duties in regard to wells, tanks, roads, schools and places of public resort, maintained out of State or local funds, or dedicated by private persons for the use of the general public.
(7) Every citizen has the right to keep and bear arms, in accordance with regulations and reservations made in that behalf.
(8) No person shall be deprived of his liberty nor shall his dwelling or property be entered, sequestered or confiscated, save in accordance with law.
(9) The State shall observe neutrality in regard to all religions.
(10) The franchise shall be on the basis of universal adult suffrage.
(11) The State shall provide for free and compulsory primary education.
(12) The State shall confer no titles.
(13) There shall be no capital punishment.
(14) Every citizen is free to move throughout India and to stay and settle in any part thereof, to acquire property and to follow any trade or calling, and to be treated equally with regard to legal prosecution or protection in all parts of India.